Relief valve



Aug. 26, 1952 w. E. RENlcK 2,608,214

RELIEF VALVE v Filed March 28, 1947 Y 2 SHEETS- SHEET 1 Patented Aug. 26, 1952 apparatus fand is particularly directed to valve Ymeans for use in'a'hyclraulic systemto prevent the `increase-of pressure .in such system beyond a predetermined maximum. Morespecifcally, the.

invention is directed toimprovements in a relief valve` to secure smooth," even 'operation thereof andfthe avoidance of a rough, "turbulent, or otherwise undesirable discharge from such-'valve when the same' is operating to bypass huid from l parallehrelation'with.the surface of :the chamberJ the'pressure section of a l'iyclraulicsyst eir'ftothel reservoir or low pressure section of the system.

An objectof the 'invention is to provide a J pressure relief valve having a pistonfoperated,

poppet type valve Aelement which is responsive yto fluid pressure, to discharge fluid-from a high pres-.

sure section of a hydraulic system to a low pressure section thereof, the Valve being. pr-ovidedv with'ineans for eliminating turbulent iowin'the discharge outlet of thev relief valve. further object of the invention is to provide a'relief valve having an internal chamber 'with inlet and outlet ports, the latter being separated from thechamber by `a vvalve lseat which cof operates with a valve element to control communication between the chamber and the'outlet port, the valve element` and the 'seat' being so formed that fluid under pressure flowing between the' valve element and the seat will bepermitt'ed to'expand and dissipate its force before reaching thev exhaustsectionor outlet port 4of the relief valv'^.v-

vAfurther object of the invention is to provide arelief valve having a chamber with inlet and outlet ports and a valve seat insert between the chamber and the outlet port, such valve seat insert; having a downwardly and outwardly inclined surface at the outlet side of the seat and to provide a valve element to cooperate with ther insert to control communication between thech'amber and the outlet port, the valve element having an extension which projects through the seat and cooperates with the downwardlyf-and outwardly inclined surface thereof.

2FAr

in ,the insert.

Fu ther V.; bjects and advantages of the prese,

entjinvention will `be apparent `from the following description, reference being had to the ace,l

companying drawings wherein a preferred `form of embodiment of the invention is clearly shown,

In the drawings:

Fig-, 1 is a vertical 'longitudinal-,f sectional view. taken througha va1vef0rmedin accordance withthe present invention-...1

Fig. 2, is .anyenlarged detailsectional viewfolf.V the poriionxof iheralve in the vicinity. oiy the...

valve elementy andtheinsert. u `li'gsg 3 ,to 5, inclusive, are detail horizontal sectional views -talen lon the planes indicatedby the .f iiteferrinsL mi particularly .to .th lfaviries.l Y the k.n.iiriwral iqesignates the vcomplete valve.. This valve has also been gilisclosed and .Darts f1.1 airne1-i inmy @wending applications Serial NOS- 731,983, Iand :739,984y l'lled onMarch 28, 1947, the. rstofmwhichnow.bears Patent No. 2,580,128.,

The valve, -20l includes a bodyy 2l having onevor more 'inlet ports 22, an internal chamber 23,1y andy an outlet port 24 leading from suchv chamber.f

y A Vvalve seatinsert; 25 is positioned inthe body 2ll betweenmthe chamberwu23 and the outlet il.l Chambery 23re ceives a .piston member 26 which. has;l one emi provided .with ani:.exie1,1$i.0r,;1;1,2,l.

bevelled Vas at 28 to provide a poppet type yal element, this ,Valve` element cooperating with inf sert 25 lto control communication between chamberl23 and outlet 2A. Piston26 isoperated by fluidpressure. in1 the manner setforth inthe above-mentioned. application ,t0 :eeaee valve '.28 with and disengage the same fromthe insert 25,; Thisloperation will `be briefly described here to.

facilitatethe understanding of the invention.

To permit such operationbody 2 i ,is-provided.

with a laterally extendedipassage 30 which communicates with thelower end of a' vertical passage .3 l; .this passage' in. turn. connecting -with an extension 32 thereof formed in a cap 33. secured.V byi'suitablefmeansto the upper end of abody 2|.v .Cap 33..has a longitudinal bore 34 formedv thereinfor the reception of mechanism employed to control theoperation of the relief valveu This mechanism is disclosed and claimed in copending application 737,983,7now Patent No.y 2,580,128, includes' a second valve seat 35" and a conepointedvalve 36 which is yieldably held in engagement with the seat 35 by a coil spring 31, this member being positioned between the Valve 36 and an abutment member 40 disposed for sliding movement in the bore 34. This abutment member is engaged by an adjusting screw 4l by which the tension of the spring 31 may be adjusted. A guide element 42 is also positioned in the bore 34 between the seat 35 and the upper end of the passage extension 32; this guide element 42 Aslidably receives an elongated,`valve actuating piston 43 which is formed with a restricted passage 44 for establishing communication between the sections of the bore 34 at opposite ends of the guide 42. It will be noted that the diameter of the opening in the seatl 35v is slightly smaller than the diameter of the piston 43; Athe purposes of this variation have been set-r.

forth in the above-mentioned copending application, now Patent 2,580,128. Cap 33 is also provided with a secondvertical passage 45 which extends from the space in bore" 34 between guide 42 and seat 35 to the upper end ofthe chamber 23 above piston 28. A third passage 46 is provided in cap 33, this passage extending from the bore 34 at the outlet side of seat 35Y tothe interior of an auxiliary' pistonA 41"'which is telescopicall'y positioned in piston 26', the auxiliary pistonbeing yieldably urgedI into engagement with the under side of the cap 33 by a coil spring 48 contained within 'pistons' 41 and V2li-.1 The interiors` of the auxiliary piston andpiston 25 are connected-'with the outlet port 24 by opening 50 formed in -valvef28f Communication between the'upper end of Vchamber 23 andl the interior oftlie auxiliary piston 41 isf tion forming a head-'55 separated from the body ofv the extension 21? by a reduced neclrSl, the

up'p'er surface of thehead 55 is downwardly yand outwardly inclined to provide the headl with a frusto-conical formation. Th'eunder side 57 of the insert 25y isalso inclinedl downwardly and outwardly to form a similarly` shaped recessbetween the'opening in the valve seat and the outlet .port. The. inclination of' the surface 51 is suehasr to cause such surface tov be' substantially parallel tojr the opposed' surface on the head 551. It will be noted fromV the drawing that' the space between the Opposed' surfaces of' thel insert4 '25" and head 5forms anannular passage 58 which` increases-in diameter as the lower endV of the head 55'- isapproached, this increasingl 'diameter permitsfluid under pressureiiowirig through` 'the' opening `in the valveseat to expand' and` dissipate its.' forcevprior toreaching the outlet pcrti24..

After such'iiui'd passes 'the' head' 55 it combines to form a solidstream which may flow through' theoutletport 24:. the' combining:` of." the'f1u1d1 is, assistedv by an" inwardly projecting shoulder 60: at the lower end' of the insert, this. shoulder being" located between the f rusto-conically shaped recessv and the outlet'A port 24;)

It will be apparentrfrom Figs. 1, and=2 that when `valve element 28- is spaced fromseat 25' fluid Jmay ilowfrom` the chamber 23 through Piston extension 21 has a projection` 54fbrm'edon its lower end beyond the valve 28, this projec-A 4 the opening in the valve seat and be directed toward the reduced neck 56. This fluid will be redirected by the outwardly extending conical surface of the head 55 and, due to the increasing size of the annular passage, the force will be dissipated. When this uid reaches the lower end of theinsert it will be directed inwardly by the shoulder 60 to form a solid exhaust stream; this stream will be devoid of air bubbles and other turbulent tendencies. The manner in which valve 28 is moved from the seat 25 has been fully explained in the copending application and a repetition here is believed to be unnecessary.

While'th'e form of embodiment of the present invention as herein disclosed constitutes a preferred form, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted,-all coming within the from said'seat, said'shoulder extending inwardly' beyond the lower extremity of the internal' wall of said'v insert; a valve member cooperating withl v theseatn said insert to control fluid ilow from .said chamber to said outlet port; and a' frusto'- corneal extension on said valve member, said extension being disposed at the outlet side of said seat and having an exterior surface substantially parallel with the liaring wall ofsaid insert, said' extension' terminating above said shoulder.

V2. In' a pressure relief valve;l 'a bodyhavin'g a cylindrical chamber with an' inlet port and an outlet port; an internal shoulder in said" body ,or Numberl between said chamberand said outlet port; an insert disposed inv said" chamber Vagainst said shoulder, said insert forming a' centrall opening with af surrounding valve seat and a'frusto-con'i- A cal recess terminating/in a cylindricalrecess'ex- 455u tension'of greater'diameter' than the outletY passagej formed byy saidinternal shoulder; a valve' member' cooperating Ywith said seat to control' fluid'gow yfromsaid chamber to' said outlet port; anda frusto-conical head` on 'said' valvej member, said head being'd'ispcse'd within saidfrusto-corical recess, the conical wall of said'head being'sub: stantally parallel with the conical wall of `said insert; said head having acylindricalportieri dispose'dfinfth'e cylindrical extension of said recess,- sa-id headterminating inv spaced rela-tion; from' said shoulder. v A

` V EL' RENCK'.

REFERENCES' CITED l'll'ie following references' are' of record' iiie' or this patent:

UNITED STAT-Es Parrairsv Name: Datesheeuy Julyv 12,'1'938 Grove 82119415- in" the" Number FOREIGNv PATNTS Country Date 

